Projectile



QNO Model.) I FIELD,

PROJEGTILE. No. 594,199. Patented Nov. 23, 1 897.

UNITE STATES ATENT Fr es,

ED\VIN S. FIELD, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

PROJECTILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 594,199, dated November23, 1897.

' Application filed July 9,1897. Serial No. 643,938. (No model.)

rounded by an elongated indentation which i To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN S, FIELD, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Springfield, in the county of Ilampden and State ofMassachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Projectiles,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to bullets or projectiles for firearms, andparticularly for arms for military and hunting purposes, the objectbeing to produce an improved projectile which comprises a tubularmetallic shell and softer metal filling, the effect of which upon anobject struck by it is more destructive than are those heretofore usedand the invention consists in the peculiar construction of the parts ofthe bullet and their relative arrangement, all as hereinafter fully setforth,

and more particularly referred to in the claims.

In the drawings Figure 1 illustrates in side elevation and in verticalsection -a projectile (somewhat enlarged) embodying myimprovements. Fig.2 is a sectional view on line 8 S, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 illustrates thecondition of said projectile after havingbeen fired against an object.

Referring to the drawings, A indicates the tubular metallic shell of thebullet, and B the softer metal body or filling thereof.

Bullets of the class herein described and shown, as heretofore made,have comprised said softmetal filling or body, somewhat harder than purelead, and said shell A of malleable metal and generallyenveloping,unbroken, the entire filling l3, excepting at the butt of thebullet, as shown. Such a bullet as this last-described one when firedagainst or into an object, owing to its caliber and pointed form oroutline, generally passes quite through the object or becomes embeddedthercin, according to the resistance offered by said object; but ineither case the bullet preserves its original form or shape andoftentimes leaves littletrace of its pathway through or into such hitobject, and hence the destructive purpose sought for by such firing isnot attained.

It will be observed, by referring to Figs. 1 and 2, that the openings Idthrough the shell A, just below the apex thereof, are suris concave incross-section, said opening being formed through the shell at the baseof said indentation by grinding or milling through the shell with asuitably-formed cutter,whereby said opening is formed, as aforesaid,having. thin and sharp knife-like borders. Said manner of forming saidlast-named openings results in the production of said thin sharp bordersaround said openings, which offer less resistance to the escape of thesoft-metal filling of the projectile when the latter strikes a hardobject than do the surrounding thicker portions of the shell, andconsequently said sharp borders are first turned outward and act to cutthe object struck as well as to otherwise injure it, as below described.

The effectof the sudden, complete, or partial arrestation of the flightof a bullet of the class herein described, when made of metal whichallows of it, is an upsetting one; but bullets comprising-said shell A,whose surface is intact and containing the filling or core 13, are noteasily upset, as aforesaid, unless the displacement of a portion of saidfilling or core be provided for. Therefore to provide for advantageouslyemploying a bullet comprising said shell and filling or core and tocouple with it the further advantage as to dcstructiveness, due to anabnormal enlargement thereof, caused by upsetting the same,'

as described, .the said thin-edged openings through the bullet casing orshell are made.

In firing the within -deseribed improved shell it is, as aforesaid,found that portions of said soft metal core are driven outward throughthe said openings in the shell A, and that consequently the interior ofthe forward end of the shell is relieved of a sufficient portion of saidcore to allow it to be upset and driven rearwardly by said impact, thuscontributing to the formation of the outfolding portions 4 of the shell,as shown inFig. 3.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. A projectile for firearms comprising a metallic shell having one ormore openings through its side, each surrounded by an elongatedindcntation, concave in erosssection, below the apex thcreof,thcrebyforming knifeinalleable metal shell having; several elongate o 'ieningstherethrough, which openings hav oppositely-arranged knife-like borders,and abodyof soft nietalin'elosed in said shell, substantially as setforth.

projectile for firearms comprising a bod of soft metal, and a shell ofmalleable metal inclosi'ng said body, said shell having several openingsthrough its sides below the apex thereof, knife-like borders around thesame forming several weakened shell p'orr5 tions for outwardly abnormaldistention, whereby said borders are turned outwardly and port-ions ofsaid body are forced through said openings, as a result of the impaetofthe projectile, when .fired, substantially as described.

EINVIN S. FIELD.

